In January 2025, NVIDIA experienced a significant market downturn following the emergence of DeepSeek, a Chinese AI startup. DeepSeek unveiled a cost-effective AI model, R1, developed with minimal investment in high-end hardware, challenging the prevailing market dynamics. This development led to a substantial decline in NVIDIA’s stock value.
On January 27, 2025, NVIDIA’s stock price dropped by 17%, resulting in a loss of approximately $589 billion in market capitalization—the largest single-day value loss for any company to date. This decline reduced NVIDIA’s valuation from $3.5 trillion to $2.9 trillion, moving it from its position as the world’s most valuable company.
The market reacted strongly to DeepSeek’s announcement, as the startup claimed to have developed its AI model with an investment of just $5.6 million in NVIDIA technology. Although some experts believe this figure is underestimated, it raised concerns about the future demand for NVIDIA’s high-end GPUs, which have been central to the company’s recent financial success.
In response to these developments, NVIDIA acknowledged DeepSeek’s model as an “excellent AI advancement” and noted that it remains “fully export control compliant” while still requiring a significant number of NVIDIA’s GPUs.
This event underscores the rapidly evolving landscape of the AI industry and highlights the potential for emerging competitors to disrupt established market leaders.
Topline Nvidia set a dubious Wall Street record Monday, as the stock at the forefront of the U.S.-led artificial intelligence revolution got a scare from DeepSeek, the Chinese AI company which developed a ChatGPT rival at a fraction of the reported cost of its American peers.
Nvidia stock had a historically bad Monday.NurPhoto via Getty Images
Key Facts
Shares of Nvidia plunged 17% by close, suffering its worst daily percentage loss since March 2020, when stocks briefly crashed at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Nvidia lost $589 billion in market capitalization Monday, which is by far the single greatest one-day value wipeout of any company in history, more than doubling the $279 billion market cap lost by none other than Nvidia on Sept. 3, 2024 (Meta’s $251 billion loss Feb. 3, 2022 is the third-biggest daily loss).
The slide knocked Nvidia from its position as the world’s most valuable company, sending its valuation from $3.5 trillion to $2.9 trillion, less than Apple’s and Microsoft’s.
Nvidia headlined broader U.S. stock losses, as the benchmark S&P 500 fell 1.5% and the tech-concentrated Nasdaq dropped 3.1%, and other major AI technology providers including fellow chip designers Arm and Broadcom plus data storer Oracle all tanked at least 10%.
In an afternoon statement, a Nvidia spokesperson called DeepSeek’s model an “excellent AI advancement” which is “fully export control compliant” while still requiring “significant numbers” of Nvidia’s graphics processing units (GPUs).
Why Nvidia Stock Fell
The release of DeepSeek’s large-language model, which shook confidence in U.S. dominance in generative AI, may initially not seem like a negative catalyst for Nvidia, considering DeepSeek’s model was trained on Nvidia’s GPUs, like most other advanced AI programs.
But the Chinese company said it spent just $5.6 million on Nvidia technology to develop its large-language model, and though experts speculate this is a gross underestimate, it still upsets the core thesis behind Nvidia stock’s meteoric rise.
Nvidia’s net profits soared from $4.8 billion in 2022 to an estimated $66.7 billion in 2024 thanks in large part to demand for its GPUs, which fetch up to $25,000 apiece, from American tech giants like Facebook parent Meta, Tesla and ChatGPT maker OpenAI.
If big U.S. tech companies “can learn from DeepSeek to design AI systems with cheaper GPUs…it might not be a happy development for Nvidia,” remarked Ed Yardeni of Yardeni Research in a note to clients.
Surprising Fact
Nvidia’s nearly $600 billion market cap loss Monday is larger than the individual market values of all but 13 American companies, more than the market cap of titans like health insurer UnitedHealth, oil giant Exxon Mobil and retailer Costco.
Forbes Valuation
Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang got $21 billion poorer Monday, as his net worth fell from $124.4 billion to $103.1 billion, according to Forbes estimates. Huang is Nvidia’s largest individual shareholder with a 3% stake in the Silicon Valley firm.
